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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Benenson, Gary, editor. Structures: A City Science Curriculum Guide. New York: City Science Workshop, The City College of New York, School of Education, 1996.
A very useful book co-authored by teachers and CCNY faculty members, with sections on "Pedagogy," "Content," "Teacher Workshops" and "Classroom Outcomes."
Billington, David P. The Tower and the Bridge, the New Art of Structural Engineering, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1983.
Brooklyn Museum, The Great East River Bridge 1883-1983. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1983.
Copeland, Rolaine; Abhau, Marcy; and Greenberger, Greta, editors. Architecture in Education: A Resource of Imaginative Ideas and Tested Activities. Philadelphia, PA: Foundation for Architecture, 1986.
Dunn, Susan and Larson, Rob. Design Technology: Children's Engineering. Bristol, PA: Taylor & Francis Publishers (The Falmer Press), 1989.
Fodor, Joe (text) and Mensch, Barbara (photos). "What's Holding up the Bridge?" Brooklyn Bridge, March 1999. pp. 58-63.
A photographer explores the spooky spaces inside the Manhattan anchorage.
Gaff, Jackie. Buildings, Bridges and Tunnels. NY: Random House, 1991.
Question and answer format at about fourth grade level. Covers history and construction of both ancient and modern structures, with an extensive section on tunnels.
Gordon, J.E. Structures, or why Things Don't Fall Down. New York: Da Capo Press, 1986.
Some of the material assumes high school math and physics. Covers structures in living things and planes and ships, as well as bridges and buildings.
Jackson, Donald C. Great American Bridges and Dams. NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1988.
An illustrated guide with a good introductory chapter on bridge types, plus a good bibliography covering bridges, in different parts of the U.S.A.
James, Albert T. Structures and Forces, Stage 1, 2 and 3. London: McDonald Educational, 1982.
Three excellent teachers' guides for 5-13 year old students. Experiments designed by children, many innovative techniques and probing questions about familiar structures.
Kingston, Jeremy. How Bridges are Made. New York: Facts on File, 1985.
Latimer, Margaret; Hindle, Brooke and Kranzberg, Melvin, editors. Bridge to the Future, A Centennial Celebration of the Brooklyn Bridge. New York: The NY Academy of Sciences, 1984.
With a chapter by Mario Salvadori and Christos Tountas on the "The Brooklyn Bridge as a Work of Art."
MacGregor, Anne and MacGregor, Scott. Bridges: A Project Book. NY: Lothrop, Lee and Shepard Books, 1980.
Mann, Elizabeth (text) and Witschonke, Alan (illustrations). The Brooklyn Bridge: A Wonders of the World Book. Mikaya Press, 1996.
For children ages 9-12
MARA (Mathematics/Architecture Related Activities). Albany, NY: University of the State of New York, State Education Department, 1982. McCullough, David. The Great Bridge: the Epic Story of the Building of the Brooklyn Bridge. Simon & Schuster, 1983. Covers all aspects of the planning or construction of the Brooklyn Bridge, with historical and bibliographical information about the Roeblings.
Murray, Peter and Stevens, Mary Anne, editors. Living Bridges: The Inhabited Bridge, Past, Present and Future. London: Royal Academy of Arts, and NY: Prestel Munich, 1996. Inhabited bridges worldwide and a chapter on "The Viability of the Inhabited Bridge in the 21st Century."
Petrowski, Henry. To Engineer is Human: The Role of Failure in Successful Design. New York: Vintage, 1992. The uses of failure, with historical examples, as well as a discussion of the Tacoma Narrows and Mianus River Bridge disasters. Includes experiments with everyday objects to demonstrate structural principles.
Pitsco. The Bridge Book: Facts About Bridge Engineering and How to Build Model Bridges, 1989. Available from Pitsco, P.O. Box 1328, Pittsburg, KS 66762. Pollard, Jeanne. Building Toothpick Bridges. Palo Alto, CA: Dale Seymour Publications, 1988. Reier, Sharon. The Bridges of New York. New York: Quadrant Press, 1977. Organized according to the area of the city in which the bridges are located. Excellent history, including photos of bridges under construction, and drawings of rejected proposals and unrealized plans.
Salvadori, Mario. The Art of Construction: Projects and Principles for Beginning Engineers and Architects. Chicago: Chicago Review Press, 1990. A basic introduction to structures for high-school students, with directions for building examples with everyday materials. No mathematics required.
Salvadori, Mario. Why Buildings Stand Up: The Strength of Architecture.
New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1980; McGraw-Hill, 1982 (paperback edition). Salvadori, Mario and Levy, Matthys. Why Buildings Fall Down: How Structures Fail. New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1992. Major structural failures with both historical and technical details. An appendix covers basic structural principles clearly and accessibly.
Salvadori, Mario and Tempel, Michael (Illustrated by Matthys P. Levy). Architecture and Engineering, An Illustrated Teachers' Manual on Why Buildings Stand Up. New York: Salvadori Educational Center, 1993. A teachers' guide with 70 lessons, which include instructions for the building and testing of structures, using everyday materials.
Slafer, Anna and Cahill, Kevin. Why Design? Activities and Projects From the National Building Museum. Chicago: Chicago Review Press, Inc., 1995. An excellent and unique book for educators, about design in civil engineering and many other fields, with over 40 projects and activities and a special section on skills from creative thinking to observing to model making.
St. Georges, Judith. The Brooklyn Bridge, They Said it Couldn't Be Done.
New York: GP Putnam & Sons, 1982. Trachtenberg, Alan. Brooklyn Bridge, Fact and Symbol. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1965;1979(paperback edition). Prose, poetry and photographs
Weitzman, David. Windmills, Bridges & Old Machines: Discovering our Industrial Past. New York: Charles Scribner & Sons, 1982. A chapter on bridges is especially strong on the many types of trusses and their inventors. Some hands-on activities are included.
Young, Edwards M. The Great Bridge: The Verrazano Narrows Bridge.
New York: Ariel/Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1965. Zubrowski, Bernie. Structures. White Plains, NY: Cuisenaire Co., 1993. How to build straw structures, including a bridge, and how to construct a test of truss frames. For grades 5 to 8.
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